C2 — proficientgrammar40 words
Regional speech & dialects
| Serbian | Meaning |
|---|---|
| dijàlekat | a dialect (also dijalekt) |
| nárečje | a dialect group (neuter; the part of speech is prilog) |
| gȍvōr | speech; a local variety; also an address given by a speaker |
| dijalektìzam | a dialectism |
| lokalìzam | a localism |
| ékavica | the ekavian pronunciation: mleko, lep, vreme — the norm in Serbia and the variety of this course |
| ijékavica | the ijekavian pronunciation: mlijeko, lijep, vrijeme |
| íkavica | the ikavian pronunciation: mliko, lip |
| jȁt | the Proto-Slavic vowel yat, the source of the e / (i)je / i split |
| rèfleks jȁta | the reflex of yat — what it became in a given variety |
| štókavskī | Štokavian, named after its word for 'what'; the base of the standard varieties |
| kàjkavskī | Kajkavian, named after kaj, 'what'; northern Croatia including Zagreb |
| čákavskī | Čakavian, named after ča, 'what'; the Adriatic coast and islands |
| kȁj | 'what' in Kajkavian (the standard is šta / što) |
| čȁ | 'what' in Čakavian |
| tòrlačkī | Torlakian, the south-eastern Serbian dialects, marked by reduced case inflection |
| jùžnjāčkī | southern, of southern Serbian speech (južnjak — a southerner) |
| vojvòđanskī | of Vojvodina speech, recognisable by its drawl and its German and Hungarian loanwords |
| beògradskī | Belgrade, of the capital's urban speech, closest to the standard |
| dȅ si | literally 'where are you', but colloquially a greeting |
| bȏlan | a Bosnian address particle, roughly 'mate' (feminine bona) |
| mȏre | hey you! (rough familiar address, clause-initial; southern colloquial; rude to a stranger or at work; homograph of the noun more 'sea') |
| vȍzdra | 'hi', a syllable-swapped slang form of zdravo (šatrovački); young and informal |
| knjìževnī jèzik | the literary language, the codified school variety |
| stàndardnī jèzik | the standard language (the more modern term for književni jezik) |
| varìjanta | a variant (in linguistics, a national standard variety) |
| sȑpskohrvātskī | Serbo-Croatian, the twentieth-century name for the shared standard |
| hr̀vātskī | Croatian, the standard variety used in Croatia |
| bòsanskī | Bosnian, the standard variety used in Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| crnògorskī | Montenegrin, the standard variety used in Montenegro |
| Vȍjvodina | Vojvodina |
| Šumàdija | Šumadija |
| Bànāt | Banat, the eastern part of Vojvodina |
| Bȁčka | Bačka, the north-western part of Vojvodina |
| Srȇm | Srem, the southern part of Vojvodina between the Sava and the Danube |
| Sàndžak | Sandžak, a region in south-western Serbia |
| àkcenat | accent, stress (Serbian has a pitch accent with four types) |
| ȉzgovōr | pronunciation; also an excuse |
| náglasak | word stress; an accent; emphasis placed on something |
| národnī gȍvor | vernacular speech, as against the codified standard |
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